What is ISO?

It is the sensitivity of the camera to light.

ISO is often used high in low ambient light conditions. Low ISO is generally used in daytime or in high light environments.

NOTE: At high ISO, the noise level decreases depending on the camera's sensor quality. The higher the ISO, the higher the noise level. Generally, Full-Frame cameras take pictures with the lowest noise level, even at very high ISOs (12,800 ISO and above) .

You can view the ISO test I took below.

Below you can see the detailed images of the crop sensor and full-frame sensor taken at 6400 ISO in low light.

You can see that the Crop-sensor camera on the right captures noise at high ISO, while the Full-Frame camera on the Left takes clearer pictures.

As you can see in the photos below, using a higher ISO will result in an excessively bright photo, and using an ISO lower than necessary will result in a dark photo. Visibility deteriorates.

Correct ISO Usage

Using Incorrect ISO

What is Snapshot?

It is the duration of the light entering the sensor from the moment the shutter button is pressed. 1 second (1') or more is a long exposure, and less than 1/100 is a short exposure.

Bulb: This value takes as long as you hold down the shutter button. The sensor works and the curtain stays open until you take your hand off the shutter. (1 minute, 1 hour, etc.) But in this type of exposure, your hand will remain on the shutter during the exposure, so your camera will shake and you will only get a shaky photo after that long time. It will be a waste of your time. Using the remote control and tripod to avoid shaking bulb exposure is highly recommended.

We need to keep the Shutter value high so that we can shoot a moving object clearly and without a trace of motion. (Ex; 1/400, 1/1000 )-

If we keep the Shutter value low for moving objects, the motion trace will appear on the object.

For example;

Shutter speed in stress wheels rotating at the same speed below While the movement trace of the stress wheel is not visible at 1/1000 , 1/40 and 1/4 settings, the movement trace of the stress wheel is visible.

1/1000 = A thousandth of a second.

1/40 = Forty-thousandths of a second.

1/4 = A quarter of a second.

What is the diaphragm?

It is the intensity of the light in the object or environment falling on the sensor.

The more open the diaphragm is, the more light enters the sensor, and the closer it is, the less light enters the sensor.

Another feature of the aperture is background blur. Opening the aperture makes the background more blurry, while closed makes the background clearer. Generally, in portrait photos, the aperture is open (f1.4 ,f1.8) to make the background more blurred. Lenses are preferred.

For example;

In the photo below, taken with an open aperture (f3.5) , the purple and orange latch at the back is more blurred, while in the other photo, the purple and orange latch at the back looks clearer because the aperture is closed (f22) .

f3.5 f22

What is Long Exposure?

Long exposure is a type of shooting that creates a movement trail of the object or light when the shutter of the camera remains open for 1 second or more.

- The photograph is the image of that moment. A long exposure is a snapshot of that moment for a few seconds.

For example;

In the first photo, the car headlights do for 6 seconds. You see the line movement.

In the second photo, you see the 4-second movement of the waterfall as if it were a flowing cloud.

What is Silhouette Shooting?

In normal shots, we always take the light in front of us, but this time in silhouette shots . We get the light behind the object .

A silhouette shot is when the foreground object appears in a single color. In other words, we need to adjust the shooting settings according to the foreground object. Exposure is reduced until the foreground object turns black. (Shutter setting is in the foreground)

For example, as in the photo below, the sunlight is put into the background and the object in the foreground is darkened.

What is Minimalism?

Minimalism means simplicity . In other words, it is to describe the subject of the photograph with a minimum of objects . When looking at the photo, there is a detail that distorts the photo, etc. there shouldn't be. The goal is to bring the subject to the fore using a completely plain background .

What is Macro/Micro Shooting?

Macro/Micro shot is the type of very close shot. These shots are taken only a few centimeters from the subject.

Macro/Micro shooting, reversing the lens or Can be shot with macro lenses . There is no difference between Micro and Macro. This type of shooting has been named "Micro" by Nikon. Both are the same type of shooting. There is only a name difference.

- Most users take macro shots by attaching their kit lenses upside down because macro lenses are very expensive.

NOTE: However, the lens arrangement in macro lenses gives better results in macro shots. It should also be noted.

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